Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder that is characterized by recurrent unprovoked epileptic seizures.These seizures are transient signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal, excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain. About 50 million people worldwide have epilepsy at any one time.

Epilepsy is usually controlled, but not cured, with medication, although surgery may be considered in difficult cases. Not all epilepsy syndromes are lifelong – some forms are confined to particular stages of childhood. Epilepsy should not be understood as a single disorder, but rather as a group of syndromes with vastly divergent symptoms but all involving episodic abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

In the past, epilespy has been linked to religious experiences and even to possessions.
Historically, epilepsy was also called “the Holy Disease”, because of the folk belief that seizures were a secret power that showed up.

Epilespy is among the most frequent neurologic pathologies. It affects from 3 to 7 people every one thousand, and about 2 millions and an half of people in the United States. Epilepsy affects about 1% of Italians, that is more than 500000 individuals. Every year, epilepsy records 50 new cases every 100000 individuals. In the 80% of the cases, the seizures starts before the age of 20, during the childhood or teens.

The term "epitleptic seizure" defines a transitory impairment of behaviour due to a pathologic, rhytmic, and synchronic discharge of a group of neurons of the brain.


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