Crohn's Disease

Crohn's disease (aka regional enteritis) is a chronic, episodic, inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by transmural inflammation (affecting the entire wall of the involved bowel) and skip lesions (areas of inflammation with areas of normal lining in between).

Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus; as a result, the symptoms of Crohn's disease vary between affected individuals.
The main gastrointestinal symptoms include:

• abdominal pain
• diarrhea (which may be bloody) or constipation
• weight loss.

Crohn's disease, like many other chronic, inflammatory diseases, can cause a variety of systemic symptoms, such as:

• growth failure among children
• fever
• weight loss, due to losing the appetite,and malabsorption of carbohydrates or lipids.

In addition to systemic and gastrointestinal involvement, Crohn's disease can affect many other organ systems, including:

• Eye: inflammation may involve either the interior portion of the eye (uveitis) or white part of the eye (episcleritis), both of which can lead to loss of vision if untreated.
• Joints and muscles: seronegative spondyloarthropathy, arthritis, enthesitis
  
• Skin: erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum
• Blood: increased risk of blood clots; painful swelling of the lower legs can be a sign of deep venous thrombosis, while difficulty breathing may be a result of pulmonary embolism; autoimmune hemolytic anemia; clubbing (i.e. a deformity of the ends of the fingers)
• Bones: osteoporosis, or thinning of the bones.
• Neurvous system: Crohn's disease can also cause neurological complications including seizures, stroke, myopathy, peripheral neuropathy, headache and depression.

Many people with Crohn's disease have symptoms for years prior to the diagnosis. he usual onset is between 15 and 30 years of age, with no difference between men and women. People with Crohn's disease will go through periods of flare-ups and remission.













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